9th Sunday after Pentecost – July 30, 2023

Matthew 13: 31-33, 44-52

Many people go on eBay in search of precious items…and sometimes they are surprised by what they find.

  • A man named Morace Park…a British antiques dealer…paid $5 for an old film container.
  • When he opened it…he found a never-released Charlie Chaplain moved called “Zepped” worth $60,000.

 

Then there was Philip Gura…an American literature professor.

  • He paid $481 for a photograph of poet Emily Dickinson.
  • No big deal…you might say.
  • Well…in fact it is a big deal.
  • His photograph of Dickinson is only the second photo known to exist.
  • He discovered it was priceless.
  • Maria Ariz…a community nurse from New Jersey…
  • Went on eBay and paid $16 for a pair of jeans.
  • When she wrote the seller to ask about other sizes…the two fell in love.
  • And then they got married.

 

Unexpected treasures:

  • Jesus says that the kingdom of heaven is like a tiny mustard seed.
  • But once planted…it grows into the greatest of shrubs and provides a hospitable home for the birds of the air.
  • Or it is almost invisible…like yeast.
  • But when added to flour it has a powerful effect…causing a loaf of bread to rise.

 

Jesus described the kingdom of heaven as a set of unexpected finds:

  • A treasure hidden in a field.
  • A pearl of great value.
  • A net that catches fish of every kind.
  • He wanted his disciples to know that the kingdom is an unexpected treasure…hidden in everyday life.
  • He wanted them each to see themselves as the master “who brings out of his treasure what is new and what is old.”
  • To see the kingdom of God in both the new parables of Jesus and the old teachings of the Hebrew lawgivers and prophets.
  • This acknowledgment of value in the new and the old fits the agenda of Matthew…the writer of the gospel.
  • Who wanted to connect the ministry of Jesus to the history of Israel.
  • Throughout his gospel he presents Jesus as a second Moses…
  • Giving new laws and teachings to Israel and to the world.

 

Choosing the right prize is important because there will be a final reckoning.

  • The parable of the net speaks of a separation of good fish and bad fish.
  • “So…it will be at the end of the age” says Jesus.
  • The decision to pursue the treasure of the kingdom of heaven has eternal consequences.
  • The kingdom is a prize that changes a person’s life for all time.
  • You must pick your prize well…Jesus pronounces.
  • And pursue it with sacrifice…passion and purpose.

 

So…what are our treasures?

  • Are they small but valuable?
  • Unattractive but important?
  • Old or new?
  • Are they hidden in a field…or on eBay?
  • Our treasures say a lot about ourselves and what we value.
  • Jesus says elsewhere that “where your treasure is…there your heart will be also.”
  • The treasures that we pursue in this life give the clearest indication of what inhabits our hearts.

 

My friend…Rabbi Naomi Levy tells the story of Beth and Eric.

  • Rabbi Naomi was to officiate at their wedding.
  • But a week before…it was all coming apart.
  • When they met with Naomi…they could barely look at each other.

 

“What’s the matter?” the rabbi asked.

  • After an awkward silence…Beth began sobbing:
  • “Eric wants to wear red Converse high-tops with his tuxedo.
  • He’s making a joke of our wedding.”

 

Then Eric blurted out:

  • “What about the tablecloths! Tablecloths…tablecloths.
  • I’m sick of hearing about tablecloths.
  • Beth wants pink…my mother wants blue…and I’m caught between two bickering hens.”

 

Rabbi Naomi smiled.

 

  • This was not the first time she had seen a couple get stuck in the trivialities of planning a day instead of a life.
  • Then Rabbi Naomi said:
  • “Listen…we can talk about the sneakers in a little while.
  • But first…tell me again how you first met.”

 

A long awkward silence.

  • Then Eric finally spoke.
  • “I was at Starbucks and my eyes landed on this beautiful creature just sitting there drinking coffee and reading a book.
  • And I thought to myself…if I could just get up the nerve to talk to her and she smiles back at me…
  • I’ll be the luckiest guy in the world.”

 

Beth laughed and continued the story.

  • “So…he comes up to me and he smiles at me and there is a giant hunk of food caught between his two front teeth.”

 

Rabbi Naomi remembers:

  • “Now they both started laughing and suddenly Beth saw how red Converse high-tops actually kind of matched Eric’s quirkiness.
  • And that it would not ruin the wedding if he wore them.
  • It might even give it warmth and flavor.

 

“Next Eric said he was sorry he did not back Beth up on the tablecloths.

  • And he admitted his mother has really bad taste.
  • He said: ‘I know you want things to be beautiful.
  • I so admire how you care about creating something special.’”

 

Before long…their laughter mixed with tears and their hearts softened.

  • And Beth and Eric were back on the road to creating a beautiful life together.

 

We often become so obsessed with the “search” that we miss the “treasure.”

  • We are so focused on the “net” that we miss the good we have collected.
  • Beth and Eric got stuck in the details of planning a day instead of a life.

 

In the parables of the buried treasure…the pearl and the net…

  • Jesus challenges us to see our lives and the world around us with eyes of faith.
  • To recognize the many blessings and good things that are ours already.
  • The “treasures” and “pearls” of lasting value are the things of God.
  • The love of family and friends.
  • The support found in being part of a community.
  • The sense of joy and fulfillment found in serving and giving for the sake of one other.

8th Sunday after Pentecost – July 23, 2023

Matthew 13:24-30, 36-43

The American writer E.B. White…who wrote the children’s book Charlotte’s Web…once offered this observation:

  • “Explaining a joke is like dissecting a frog. You understand it better…but the frog dies in the process.”
  • The same thing is true of the many parables Jesus told.
  • Parables are a little like poetry or song lyrics in that there usually is not just one explanation of their meaning.
  • And it is no secret that these interpretations can vary widely and wildly.

When reading and hearing parables we bring along our current condition and situation so that as we read the parable the parable also reads us.

  • It speaks to us in ways that may be remarkably different from the way it speaks to other people.
  • Because those other people are not experiencing anything like what we are going through now.
  • It’s not that nobody knows what Jesus’ words mean in the parable of the Wheat and the Tares.
  • It is that everybody knows what they mean.
  • And each person has a different answer…even if the answer is a puzzlement.
  • Parables…at least as Jesus used them…are not meant to provide us with one single truth to be adopted by all hearers.
  • They are much richer than that.

 

In our reading today we have what is known as the parable of the weeds or tares.

  • The tares and the wheat are growing together in the same field.
  • Servants ask the landowner if they should pull out the tares…but the owner says no.
  • It is better to wait until the wheat is ripe and then gather both the tares and the wheat at the same time.
  • And only then separate them.

 

An experienced farmer knows that in its early stage of development…this weed…also known as bearded darnel…closely resembles the wheat plant.

  • As the plants start to grow…hardly anyone can tell the difference…including knowledgeable farmers.
  • Also…the roots of the tares and the roots of the wheat get intertwined as they grow.
  • So…if you try to pull out just the tares…you will uproot the wheat too.
  • And as a result…lose almost the entire crop.
  • That is why you wait to harvest both wheat and weeds together.

 

The following is one of a hundred stories I could share with you.

  • After all…this past June I celebrated my 49th year in the ordained ministry in the ELCA (Evangelical Lutheran Church In America).
  • His name was Bob Moore.
  • He was sentenced to a correctional home for juvenile offenders in the town where I was serving.
  • Knowing the director of the home well…I would often cover when they were short a house staff counselor.
  • Bob was a tough kid…a real challenge…a weed!
  • Just getting him to go to school…he was a tenth grader when he came to us…was a challenge.
  • For three years we ministered to him.
  • And gradually he began to come out of his wicked funk.
  • He became part of the community and began to thrive and flourish.
  • He was smart and talented and creative.
  • Well…in his senior year he was named young man of the year by the State of Wisconsin’s Education Association.
  • But wait…he was a weed and should have been removed.

 

We see here that the followers of Jesus who heard him tell this parable were confused and asked him to explain what he meant.

  • So…Jesus provides an explanation that sounds as if it could be reduced to this single stark conclusion:
  • Righteous people will be saved for residence in heaven while wicked people will go to hell.
  • But the simplicity of that interpretation may be a good clue that Jesus is just giving his followers what the apostle Paul…in 1 Corinthians 3:2…calls “milk…not solid food”
  • Because Paul’s hearers “were not ready for solid food.”

 

And we know from countless examples in the gospels that the disciples of Jesus often did not understand him.

  • They were not ready for solid food.
  • So…in Jesus’ explanation of this parable…it is fair to say that he was simply offering his hearers theological milk…not meat.
  • Jesus reduced the parable to a two-dimensional story about heaven and hell.
  • But Jesus’ parables are always richer and more involved than they at first seem.

 

Well…OK then…the world is full of weeds.

  • In other words…there are people and powers who seem driven toward destructive ends.
  • Not unlike the weeds in the farmer’s wheat field.
  • How else do we explain so much of history…
  • Which the great French philosopher Voltaire once described as:
  • “Hardly more than the history of crimes”?

 

Like the weeds and wheat in their early stages…

  • It is hard to distinguish who is in a full and healthy relationship with God and who is not.
  • Put in terms of the heaven-hell division often drawn from this parable…
  • It is hard to tell who is going to heaven and who is going to hell.
  • Think about it.
  • Most of us have been through a kind of living hell sometime in our lives.
  • And we know others who are currently living in a hell on earth.

 

Well…it is not our job to draw conclusions or make judgments.

  • As Christians…we are in the Grace…Forgiveness…No Judgement business.
  • Not the judgement business.

 

What Jesus wants us to know through this parable is simply that we are responsible for our actions and thoughts.

  • And that at some point we will have to explain ourselves to God.
  • Our job…Jesus insists…is to open ourselves up to receive the grace of God so that…as he says…we may “shine like the sun in the kingdom of our Father.”

 

The Bible contains history…poetry…allegory…metaphor and wonderful challenging stories that are to help guide our lives today.

  • This is why Jesus insisted at the very beginning of his ministry that the kingdom of God has drawn near.
  • And that we can live in that kingdom today.
  • Even as we recognize that it has not yet come in full flower.

 

We will miss a lot of the beauty and challenge in the parables of Jesus…

  • And his many other teachings if we insist that there is only one way to understand them.
  • The word of God is deep and rich and worthy of our time.
  • It is full of truth and beauty for you and for me.
  • And we would do well to find out how others hear them.

 

Finally…let me say…that if I explained this homily to you…

  • You might understand it better…but liked E.B. White’s frog…
  • The homily would die in the process.

7th Sunday after Pentecost – July 16, 2023

Matthew 13: 1-9, 18-23

Every year…the national Future Farmers of America meets to announce the FAA’s “Star Farmer” award…given to only one of thousands of entrants.

  • Last year…the honor went to Peter Bliss of Merced (Mer- ‘said), California.
  • Bliss was honored for his 417-acre project farm…growing crops such as cotton…almonds and wheat.
  • When he started the farm…he had only 30 acres he inherited from his grandfather.
  • Young people like Bliss are crucial to the U.S. economy.
  • It’s a well-known truth: No farmer…no food…no future.

 

Non-farmers tend to romanticize the farming life.

  • But farming is not just about cows and plows.
  • The hours are long and involve manual labor.
  • Fields need to be plowed…crops must be sown and irrigation pipe needs to be moved.
  • Crops are vulnerable to any number of diseases and might be ravaged by pests.
  • Farmers are at the mercy of natural elements.
  • One hailstorm can ruin a season.
  • And if the crops survive disease…pestilence…drought and natural disasters…
  • There is often only a small window for harvesting.

 

Then there are the animals:

  • They need help coming into this world.
  • They must be fed and medicated.
  • Nursed and treated and given pasture.

 

Farming requires the patience of Job.

  • Crops do not appear magically overnight.
  • Jesus said: “Unless a grain of wheat falls into the earth and dies…it remains just a single grain…but if it dies…it bears much fruit.”

 

So…every farmer knows that if the mud’s not flyin’…you’re not tryin’.

  • And the work is never done.
  • Yet…despite the long hours and arduous work…most farmers would not leave the farm.
  • For them T.G.I.F. is short for “Thank God I Farm.”

 

It is likely that the people who gathered around Jesus on the northern slopes of the Sea of Galilee were either farmers on break…

  • Or people connected in some way to agriculture.
  • 90% of the people in the ancient world earned their living by working the land.
  • Galilee was no exception.
  • This was an agrarian culture.
  • And although many parts of Palestine were difficult to farm…much of Galilee was fertile and flat.

 

When Jesus spoke to the people…he told stories.

  • And on this occasion…he probably saw a farmer sowing a crop of barley.
  • Although Jesus grew up in a carpenter and stone mason’s shop…
  • He knew farmers and he knew farming.
  • The evidence for this is scripture itself.
  • In fact…Jesus was so knowledgeable about agribusiness…he could have developed a college syllabus for farming.
  • The syllabus is at the end of this worship text.

 

Jesus’ parable is a lesson about what plagues most of us:

  • Developing the skill of managing the process.
  • Initiating the production.
  • Managing production and completing the task.
  • Or…Jesus would have put it this way:
  • Sowing…growing and mowing.
  • The seed…the soil…the harvest.

 

A teacher at an elementary school asked her students to write an essay about what they would like to be.

  • At home that evening…while grading the essays…the teacher read one student’s essay that made her start to cry.

 

Her husband walked in just at that moment.

  • “What’s wrong?”
  • “Read this. It’s one of my students’ essays.”

 

Her husband sat down and read:

 

  • “I would like to be a television set.
  • I want to take its place and live like the TV in my house.
  • I would have my own special place.
  • And have my family around me.
  • They would take me seriously when I talk.
  • I would be the center of attention and people would listen to me without interruption or questions.

 

“I want to get the same special care the TV set receives even when it is not working.

  • I would have the company of my dad when he arrives home from work…even when he is tired.
  • And I want my mom to want me when she is sad and upset instead of ignoring me.
  • And I want my brothers to fight to be with me.

 

“I want my family to just leave everything aside…every now and then…just to spend some time with me.

  • And last but not least…I want them all to be happy and entertain them.
  • I just want to live like a TV.”

 

The husband looked up.

  • “That poor kid. What horrible parents!”

 

The wife looked at him and said:

  • “That essay is our son’s.”

This mom and dad discovered…to their dismay…

  • That the love and relationship they are trying to nurture in their home is being choked.
  • Choked by the thorns of so many hours in front of the television.
  • And withering by a lack of attention and care for one another.

 

Today…Jesus reminds us to model the sower of today’s Gospel within our own homes and households.

  • To sow seeds of encouragement.
  • To sow seeds of joy.
  • To sow seeds of reconciliation.
  • To sow seeds in the earth of our own gardens.

 

Today…Jesus is asking us to do the patient work of realizing the harvest God has promised.

  • Today…Jesus is asking us to trust and believe that our simplest acts of kindness and forgiveness may help the seed that recreates and transforms us.
  • Today…Jesus is asking us to trust and believe that our humblest offers of help and affirmation may be the seed that re-creates and transforms our homes and hearts.

Jesus was so knowledgeable about agribusiness, he could have developed a college syllabus for farming, and it might’ve look like this:

 

  • Farming 101: How to Plant Crops — Matthew 13
  • Farming 102: How to Control the Weeds Among the Wheat — Matthew 13:24-30
  • Farming 103: The Care and Feeding of Sheep — Matthew 18:10-14; Luke 15:1-7; John 10:1-18
  • Farming 201: How to Tend a Vineyard — John 15:1-11
  • Farming 202: Managing Human Resources — Matthew 20:1-16; Matthew 21:28-45
  • Farming 301: The Care and Feeding of Shrubs and Trees — Matthew 24:32-35; Mark 4:30-34; 13:28-33; Luke 13:6-9
  • Farming 401: Thinking Outside the Barn — Luke 12:16-21; Matthew 10:16; Luke 16:8-9

6th Sunday after Pentecost – July 9, 2023

Matthew 11:16-19, 25-30

Jesus said: “I thank you Lord of heaven and earth…because you have hidden these things from the wise and the intelligent and have revealed them to infants.

  • Why hide things from the wise and learned?
  • Isn’t it the usual way of affairs for the wise and learned to know things that are simply beyond the grasp of little children?
  • Isn’t it the other way around:
  • Little kids cannot grasp things that learned adults can?

 

Well…there is a reversal going on here…typical of Jesus…typical of the Bible.

  • Younger brothers are picked instead of the eldest.
  • Infertile women give birth.
  • The greatest shall be humbled…the humble…exalted.
  • Whoever would be greatest must be slave of all.
  • The hungry are filled…the rich sent away empty.
  • The first shall be last…and the last…first.
  • Itinerant fishermen are picked to be apostles.

 

Today…Christ extends his invitation to all his little ones who would regard it:

  • “Come to me…all you who are weary and burdened…and I will give you rest.”

 

I would like to share with you something about a little one…a little-known American immigrant.

  • His name was Korczak Ziolkowski.
  • Korczak was born in Boston in 1908 to Polish parents and orphaned at the age of one.
  • He spent his life being shuffled through a series of foster homes in poor neighborhoods.
  • Though he never received formal art training…
  • In his teens he worked as an apprentice to a ship maker…
  • And began to demonstrate his skill in carving wood.

 

In 1939…Korczak moved to the Black Hills of South Dakota to assist in the creation of the Mount Rushmore Memorial.

  • Less than a year later…Korczak’s marble sculpture of Ignacy Jan Paderewski…
  • Pianist…composer and prime minister of Poland…
  • Won first prize at the New York World’s Fair.

 

Shortly afterward…he was approached by several Lakota Indian chiefs who asked him to build a monument honoring Native Americans.

  • Korczak accepted the project and began research and planning for the sculpture.
  • Three years later the project was put on hold while Korczak enlisted in the United States Army.
  • He was wounded on Omaha Beach during the invasion of Normandy.
  • After the war Korczak moved back to the Black Hills and began his search for a suitable place for the monument.
  • The Lakota considered the Black Hills a sacred place and wanted the memorial built there.

 

When completed…the monument…a three-dimensional sculpture of the Indian Chief Crazy Horse sitting on a charging steed…

  • Will be the largest sculpture in the world.
  • To put the size of the memorial in perspective.
  • Just Crazy Horse’s war bonnet is large enough to contain all the presidents’ heads on Mount Rushmore.

 

Korczak died thirty-four years after starting work on the mountain.

  • The statue far from being completed.
  • His final words to his wife were:
  • “You must finish the mountain…
  • But go slowly so it is done right.”

 

The whole thing was absurd.

  • A man with no money.
  • No training and no heavy equipment.
  • Decides to carve a mountain.

 

Korczak had galleries of critics who threw barbs and insults at him:

  • “You are crazy…you are a fool…you will never do it.”
  • But every day he climbed his mountain and with a chisel here…
  • A blast there…he moved tons of stone as his dream emerged from the mountain.
  • Korczak knew he’d never live to see his work finished but this was no reason to stop.

 

As he lay dying…he was asked if he was disappointed to not see the monument completed.

  • “No” he said… “you only have to live long enough to inspire others to do great things.”
  • And this he did.
  • As the mountain took form…the masses began to dream too.

 

Today millions come from around the world to see Korczak’s Mountain.

  • And a professional crew works year-round to move the dream forward.
  • It is no longer a question of if the statue will be completed.
  • Only when.

 

Korczak’s greatest legacy is not a public one.

  • The massive stone mountain that he conquered.
  • But the mountain he first conquered in himself.
  • A mountain that he climbed not alone but yoked to Jesus.

 

There are moments in all lives…

  • Great and small that we must trudge…
  • With our Lord at our side yoked to us…
  • Into infinite wilderness…
  • To endure our midnight hours of pain and sorrow.
  • The Gethsemane moments…when we are on our knees.
  • That these moments are given to us is neither accidental nor cruel.
  • The Spirit of the living God Melts us…Molds us…Fills us…Uses us for ministry in the Kingdom of God.

 

Like Korczak’s monument…our mission will not be completed in our lifetime.

  • And in the end…we will find that we were never sculpting alone.
  • Korczak said:
  • “I tell my children never forget that we are not complete beings in ourselves.
  • There’s something greater that moves us.
  • I was never carving a mountain.
  • But God was carving me.
  • While God was yoked to me…he was at the same time carving me.”

 

Many try to shoulder burdens alone…

  • Burdens that Christ would like to shoulder with us.
  • Jesus said: “My yoke is easy…and my burden is light.”
  • To be yoked with Christ is to allow him to share the burden of our daily lives.
  • To allow him to take off our shoulders the weight of trying to solve our problems alone.
  • Being yoked with Christ is one of the secrets of a full and productive life.

 

Jesus stands today with the yoke upon His shoulder.

  • He calls to each one and says:
  • “Come and share my yoke…
  • And let us plow together the long furrow of your life.
  • I will be a true yokefellow to you.
  • The burden shall be on me.”
  • “Take my yoke upon you and learn from me” says Jesus…
  • For I am gentle and humble in heart…
  • And you will find rest for your souls.
  • For my yoke is easy and my burden is light.”

5th Sunday after Pentecost – July 2, 2023

Matthew 10:40-42

To be welcoming is to exude a spirit of excitement and expectation.

  • Welcomes are a smile…not a frown.
  • Welcomes are open arms…not crossed ones.
  • A welcoming spirit is positive and upbeat.

We experience this every day.

  • When we were kids…and took the Chevy or Ford on a cross-country vacation…
  • We stopped to take a photo at the state line where there was a huge sign that said:
  • “Welcome to Wyoming”?
  • The entire family was excited.
  • Wyoming likes us!
  • So how could we not like Wyoming in return?

Airports welcome us.

  • Walmart welcomes us and even has greeters at the front door.
  • A welcome is good news.
  • We are accepted. We are wanted.
  • More than that…here in Wyoming or at Walmart…everything will be done to make our vacation or shopping a save money…live better experience.

Hospitality is among the most ancient of human traditions.

  • It’s about providing the essentials of life for another person.
  • Especially another person who is on a journey.
  • Food…water…a roof over one’s head.
  • The offering of hospitality brings two people…guest and host…closer.

 

Most of us contribute to charitable causes.

  • Especially those that aid the poor.
  • We sign a check or click “enter” to send a contribution.
  • But that’s not what Jesus recommends in our Gospel.
  • Jesus says: “whoever gives even a cup of cold water to one of these little ones in the name of a disciple…
  • Truly I tell you…none of these will lose their reward.”

 

Jesus is saying:

  • Get right in there and help God’s suffering children with your hands.
  • That is our church’s slogan: “God’s Work…Our Hands.”
  • Just a cup of water…how ordinary!
  • But a cup of cold water handed over personally to a person who’s thirsty…that’s extraordinary!

 

Remember how Peter Falk’s character…Columbo’s MO…was to fumble around in his rumpled raincoat and smudged tie…

  • Looking like the most incompetent detective ever.
  • The perpetrator would relax:
  • “I’ve got nothing to fear from this fool!”
  • But then…as Colombo was leaving the room…
  • He would always turn around and say:
  • “Just one more thing.”

 

It was then that he would drop the critical question.

  • The insignificant-sounding afterthought that sprung the trap.
  • The steely logic behind the question would catch the perp unawares.
  • And they would stumble into a contradiction that would incriminate them.

 

At the end of Jesus’ long list of parting instructions…

  • It’s as though he turns to go away…then stops.
  • But the “one more thing” he says is no trap.
  • It is a vital word of instruction.
  • Don’t shrink from offering a cup of cold water to “these little ones.”

 

He’s been telling the disciples what a tough world it is out there.

  • They are going to be scorned and rejected in some villages.
  • In other villages they will receive wonderful…spirit-filled hospitality.
  • They will not know…as they enter the next village…what to expect.
  • They need to trust God every step of the way.

 

And then Jesus says:

  • “Whoever welcomes a prophet in the name of a prophet will receive a prophet’s reward.
  • And whoever welcomes a righteous person in the name of a righteous person will receive the reward of the righteous.
  • And whoever gives even a cup of cold water to one of these little ones in the name of a disciple…
  • Truly I tell you…none of these will lose their reward.”

 

A cup of cold water seems like such a little thing.

  • But it’s not.
  • Cold water was a rarity in Jesus’ culture.
  • He could have just said “a cup of water.”
  • But he said: “a cup of cold ”

 

Well…most of us can get cold water whenever we want it.

  • It’s as easy as taking ice cubes from the refrigerator.
  • We have refrigerated water…water fountains and water coolers.
  • Sit down in a restaurant and a glass of cold water just appears.

 

Yet…getting a cup of cold water in Jesus’ day was not so easy.

  • There was no running water.
  • No refrigeration.
  • A household’s water came from the village well.

 

Early in the morning one of the women or girls walked to the well with a clay jar.

  • Filled it and came back with it balanced on her head.
  • She would place the water jar in a shady space inside the house.
  • But as the hours passed it lost that cool…crisp…fresh-from-the-well taste.

 

By late afternoon.

  • The time most thirsty dinner guests were likely to arrive.
  • You were lucky if room-temperature water was what you had left.
  • At that time of day…a room in a first-century Palestinian house…was hot.

 

If someone brings a cup of cold water to one of “these little ones” …

  • One of Jesus’ disciples…whom he’s sending out to do God’s extraordinary work in ordinary ways.
  • It means she got up…ran to the well…and came back with fresh…cool water.
  • A special trip…a special effort…for a special person.

 

That’s what hospitality is.

  • Last week we attended a memorial grave-side service for our beloved niece Kate in Wisconsin.
  • Susan and I were house guests in my sister and brothers-in-law’s home.
  • They made that extra effort.
  • They went that extra mile to make it exactly right.
  • Great food and a perfect bed and wonderful conversation.
  • Oh…and cold water…what a joy!
  • It was the acts of kindness Beth and John did not have to do.
  • We did not expect it…but they did it anyway.
  • That is what GRACE is!

 

So many gifts in this world are given according to the ordinary calculus of human values:

  • An eye for an eye.
  • You take care of me…I take care of you.
  • You scratch my back…I scratch yours.
  • You’ve done the work…you are entitled to be paid.
  • A cup of ordinary water from the household jar.
  • It is all anyone is entitled to.
  • Oh…but cups of cold water are not so common.
  • They are as rare now as they were in Jesus’ time.

 

A cup of cold water.

  • Not just any water.
  • Cold water.
  • A gift nobody deserves.
  • Because it is nothing but grace.
  • It is free.
  • It is priceless.
  • It always has been.
  • It always will be.
  • We receive without price.
  • Now…we give without pay.

 

We are alike in our thirst.

  • We are alike in our need.
  • And the only person who can quench that thirst is the one who offers not just ordinary water.
  • But living water forevermore.

4th Sunday after Pentecost – June 25, 2023

Matthew 10:24-39

“Do not think that I have come to bring peace to this earth” we hear Jesus telling the twelve disciples in Matthew this morning.

  • “I have not come to bring peace…but a sword. For I have come to set a man against his father…and a daughter against her mother and a daughter-in-law against her mother-in-law…
  • And one’s foes will be members of one’s own household.”

 

Oh My…this is tough stuff!

  • Breaking up of families.
  • Not bringing peace to this world.
  • But rather division and a violent sword.
  • This is harsh.

I have seen these words of Jesus used to justify war or the breaking up of families because a parent is undocumented…

  • Or because a family member comes forward about their sexual orientation.
  • And the list goes on.

But here’s the thing:

  • When we read the Gospels in their breadth and scope this message is so out of character for Jesus.
  • The one who proclaims good news to the poor and who brings liberation for the oppressed.
  • The one who commands us to love our neighbors as ourselves.
  • To welcome the stranger.
  • To feed the hungry.
  • To provide health care to those who are sick.
  • The one who sought to tear down walls that diminish.
  • And who gave his life so that the world might be saved.
  • Well…let’s take a closer look.

Our gospel this morning comes a bit after our Matthew reading we heard last Sunday.

  • Last week we saw Jesus summoning the Twelve and commissioning them to continue his work in the world.
  • And now today we hear Jesus telling the disciples about what it means to be a disciple:
  • One who will bring the good news of Jesus out from the dark and into the light.
  • One who will not just whisper Jesus’ good news but who will proclaim it for all to hear.

OK then…as Jesus explains this…he gives the Twelve a sharp warning about what they will face when they do follow Jesus in this good news work.

  • And it’s not pretty.
  • Just before today’s passage…Jesus says to the Twelve:
  • “See I am sending you out like sheep into the midst of wolves.
  • Beware of those who will hand you over to councils and flog you in the synagogues.
  • You will be dragged before governors and kings because of me.
  • People will hate you because of my name.
  • Some of you will be betrayed even by those you love.
  • Even brothers will betray brothers.
  • Fathers will betray children.
  • And children will rise up against parents and have them put to death.”

Why? Because Jesus’ good news disrupts.

  • It challenges the status quo.
  • It is a threat to the Empire and those who hold power in it.
  • And so there are going to be people who will get ticked off and will resist it… and often will do so with force.
  • Being a disciple of Jesus is risky business.
  • And this is what Jesus is warning the Twelve about.
  • Jesus did not come to keep the peace.
  • Rather he came to make peace.
  • A kind of peace that would bring about the sword from those who found it threatening.
  • A kind of peace that would cause divisions.
  • Even among family members and friends.
  • A kind of peace that would bring about Facebook wars and twitter trolls.
  • Uncomfortable holiday dinners and changed relationships.

“But have no fear” Jesus says.

  • “For nothing is covered up that will not eventually be uncovered…
  • And nothing is secret that will not eventually become known.”
  • And there it is…” the truth will set us free.”

Therefore…we should not fear those who kill the body but cannot kill the soul…we hear Jesus tell us.

  • We should not fear what others will think of us…or what they will tweet about us…or how they will respond to us.
  • Jesus urges us to only worry about how God sees us.
  • For we are beloved.
  • We are cherished.
  • We are more valuable than many sparrows in God’s eyes.

“So” …Jesus concludes… “Take up the cross and follow me. Those who will find their life will lose it.

  • And those who lose their life for my sake will find it.”
  • Jesus is saying that as followers…we must deny our old selves that make the Gospel centered on us while diminishing others.
  • We must deny our constant desire to have power over others.
  • We must stop trying to save our self-importance by striving to always be first.
  • To be the most successful…to have the biggest home…to be the smartest…to be the most faithful.
  • We must give up our need to always be liked by everyone.

This is our sin:

  • We put God in our own image.
  • We speak for God with our own interests and needs in mind.
  • We make God look like us.
  • We were made in God’s image.
  • Not the other way around.
  • What comes after Jesus’ death on the cross is the resurrection…New Life.
  • To take up our cross means that something must die for new life to come about.
  • To take up our own cross means we must follow Jesus’ way that sees the image of God in our neighbors and in ourselves.

And I think this is what Jesus was trying to convey in our passage in Matthew.

  • This little triad was passed down from Miss Susan’s grandmother.
  • And it is so simple.
  • And through the years I have heard it said often.
  • To follow Jesus and take up the cross means we must live our lives putting:
  • “God first. Others second. Me last.”

3rd Sunday after Pentecost – June 18, 2023

Matthew 9:35 – 10:8

The 1963 movie Lilies of the Field

  • Obtained a groundbreaking Oscar for actor Sidney Poitier.
  • The first African American to win the award.

 

The story is set in the Arizona desert.

  • Poitier portrays an itinerant laborer named Homer Smith.
  • Homer pulls off the road…looking for water for his battered car’s radiator.
  • There…he discovers a group of impoverished nuns.
  • Refugees from war-torn Europe.
  • Now eking out a living from the dry soil.
  • The Mother Superior believes Homer Smith’s accidental arrival is God’s answer to her prayers…
  • For someone who will come and build a chapel of adobe bricks on the ruins of an earlier failed attempt.

 

Well…Homer sees it differently.

  • He asks to be paid for some repairs he made around the primitive convent.
  • And he Quotes Luke 10:7:
  • “The laborer is worthy of his hire.”
  • And Mother Superior responds by quoting Matthew 6:28:
  • “Consider the lilies of the field…how they grow…they toil not…neither do they spin.”

 

As the story progresses…Homer ends up building the chapel.

  • He finds a part-time construction job to help pay for materials.
  • Like Mother Superior…he also has a dream.
  • He wants to be an architect.
  • But he exhausts himself with crushing labor in the hot sun.

 

A crucial scene comes when his dedication inspires many of the Hispanic day laborers in the region to donate materials and labor.

  • This leads to a crisis for Homer.
  • If he allows others to help…will it still be his accomplishment?
  • His pride causes him to quit.

 

But then…he realizes his skills in design and supervision and motivation.

  • The laborers gladly share the back-breaking labor.
  • And so…this becomes both his triumph and the community’s accomplishment as well.

 

When the chapel is completed…Homer quietly drives off: (Singing Amen).

  • Well…Homer becomes a figure in local legend.
  • The new chapel becomes not only the home for the community’s life of worship…
  • But also…the launch pad for schools and hospitals to be part of a growing ministry.

 

Homer Smith struggled with the idea of working with other laborers.

  • OK then…if anyone could ever accomplish everything without the help of others it was Jesus.
  • He was able to feed the multitudes by blessing and breaking bread.
  • Healing? He did not even need to be present.

 

Matthew…in today’s reading…is describing not just days…but weeks and months:

  • Journeys between cities and villages.
  • Hours spent speaking and healing.
  • There is no suggestion…as there are in other places…that Jesus failed in any way.

 

But Jesus compassion leads him to lament to his apostles that the work of the kingdom requires more workers.

  • More laborers to bring in the harvest.
  • The one who is more self-sufficient than anyone.
  • Feels the need for collaborators.
  • Which leads to the calling of the twelve apostles…the twelve collaborators.

 

Why twelve?

  • I am not sure…but it seems that Jesus is drawing a parallel between the twelve tribes of Israel…
  • And the twelve disciples.

 

During the era of the great prophets…

  • The Assyrians conquered the northern kingdom of Israel and led their 10 tribes into exile.
  • Later…the two tribes of the southern kingdom…Judah and Benjamin…
  • Were led into exile by the Babylonians.
  • A couple of generations later they were permitted to return to their homeland.
  • But there was still a feeling of being incomplete.
  • Ten tribes were missing.
  • These twelve disciples were chosen to show that God’s kingdom is one of wholeness and homecoming.

 

Today…we as the Body of Christ are meant to represent wholeness and homecoming as well.

  • We are complete when we are all together.
  • Jesus referred to those of daily life in his teaching:
  • Shepherds…sowers…day laborers…homemakers…lawyers…
  • Scholars…the rich…the poor…
  • Mothers and harvesters.

 

These are still part of our world…to be sure.

  • But our daily lives also include marketers…programmers…truck drivers…mechanics…
  • Professional athletes…broadcast television…smartphones…the internet…oh…and so much more.

 

Well…the teachings of Jesus still apply today.

  • And we are meant to share the compassion of Jesus for these “harassed and helpless” sheep.

 

Among the twelve apostles?

  • Militants like Simon the Zealot.
  • A tax collector.
  • Peter…the betrayer.

 

Perfection is not a requirement for membership in this body of Christ.

  • Nor are our tasks meant to be equal in expenditure of energy or time of commitment.
  • We do not have the same skills…the same outlook or the same politics.

 

In the movie…Lilies of the Field…there was the doubtful owner of a construction company who donated materials for the building of the chapel.

  • And then there was the nonbelieving owner of the café.
  • There were some who donated chandeliers and stained glass.
  • Others became stained with sweat as they carried heavy loads up and down the ramps as the chapel was built.
  • Mother Superior was the great overseer.
  • And Homer Smith was the brains behind the operation.
  • All had something to do.
  • All were important workers.
  • Some would be remembered.
  • Others only recalled as a name mentioned in passing.

 

But they…like us…all have a part in the great work of Jesus…the Kingdom of God.

  • We are called to great ministries.
  • We are called to be collaborators.
  • We are called to Call out new apostles.
  • We are called to mentor each other.
  • All together.

2nd Sunday after Pentecost – June 11, 2023

Matthew 9:9-13, 18-26

It began 5 years ago when Jerry…my 4 pm coffee buddy for many years…

  • And a retired computer technician…met a young clerk at a 7-Eleven.
  • He complimented her on the way she deftly handled a complaining customer.
  • During their conversation…he learned that the young woman had dropped out of college…
  • Because someone had stolen her laptop when she was taking online classes.
  • Wanting to help her…he refurbished a laptop he had and gave it to her…gratis.
  • She was able to go on and complete her associate’s degree in business.
  • That was the beginning of his work as the “Tech Angel.”
  • He collects broken laptops and computers.
  • Repairs them and gives them to those in need.
  • Over the last five years he has given away more than 300 computers…laptops and tablets to students and families.
  • While his work often changes the lives of those he helps…
  • The 76-year-old retiree benefits as well:
  • “It keeps me busy…keeps me challenged.
  • I’ve got the skill.
  • I’ve got the time.
  • I’ve got the resources.
  • So…who wouldn’t do it?
  • For me to spend my time productively to the benefit of others is my reward.”

 

Maria runs a small restaurant that serves breakfast and lunch.

  • The place is her life.
  • Her regulars are like family.
  • I know because Susan and I were regulars.
  • I know…because it was my second congregation to the one I served in Seminole Florida.
  • I baptized and counseled and married and buried many of the regulars who ate there.
  • Maria often struggled to keep her little café open.
  • But she also saw the struggle of many families to put food on their tables.
  • So…after she closed each day…she gathered up leftover food…soup and fresh bread and drove it over to a local soup kitchen for the evening meal.
  • Thanks to the community…she is doing OK.
  • So…she is happy to give back.

 

They have discovered the truth of the adage:

  • If want to master something…teach it.
  • So…these students…high school seniors at the church I was serving at the time…
  • Carved out an afternoon a week to serve as tutors at a local after-school program for kids-at-risk.
  • The smiles on these young children’s faces when they showed them the “A” they got on their latest math test…
  • Or…writing assignment was the absolute best.
  • But they soon discovered that their own writing skills had sharpened.
  • And their ability to grasp the material in their science and math classes had improved also.
  • No mystery…really.

 

Jane Hamrick…a disciple/member of the Lutheran Church of the Good Shepherd…in Seminole Florida…was a firecracker.

  • Jane made men’s ties.
  • She would say:
  • “Go over to JOANN Fabric and get the material you want for your tie.
  • And I will make it for you.

 

And she always had…with her…hundreds of ties she had ready-made.

  • In case you did not want to go to JOANNS.
  • And she would take you out to the truck of her car.
  • I was always embarrassed to go out to her car-trunk with her.
  • Because I knew it looked like a drug deal was going down.
  • I really should not have been concerned.
  • Jane was in her 90’s at the time.
  • And she would sell the ties for $15 or $20 dollars…I don’t remember.
  • But all the money would go to Lutheran Services of Florida.
  • Jane joined the Saints of Heaven a while ago now.
  • What a joy she was.

 

And over the years…think about it.

  • The woman’s groups that made and continue to do so.
  • Quilts and prayer shawls and hats and blankets for babies.
  • And the men…gardeners and fixers and builders for Habitat.

 

 

It’s that simple:

  • To follow Jesus…as Matthew is called to do.
  • It is a matter of acting out of the spirit of compassion and generosity as Jesus does in the Gospel.
  • No matter what “booth” we work at.
  • No matter what our skills.
  • Our simple acts of charity.
  • Our joy in giving and sharing whatever little we have.
  • Our reaching out to someone whose needs are as great as our own.
  • Are the “fringe of Jesus’ cloak.”
  • That the poor…the sick…the troubled and hurting can grasp and be made well.

 

The Kingdom of God is within our grasp here and now.

  • All we must do is be as merciful as we have been shown mercy.
  • To love as we have been loved.
  • To lift up as we have been grasped by God.

The Holy Trinity – June 4, 2023

2 Corinthians 13:11-13

“God…grant me the serenity to accept the things I cannot change…the courage to change the things I can…and the wisdom to know the difference.”

  • Those are uplifting words from the pen of theologian Reinhold Niebuhr.
  • They have come to be known as the “Serenity Prayer.”
  • They have become precious to many people.
  • Many who cherish them are involved in 12-step programs like Alcoholics Anonymous.
  • Central to the whole AA movement is the concept of serenity…inner peace.
  • Calm the storm within and you will be able to handle the storm without.
  • Good advice but easier said than done.
  • And that is what a young man named Martin Luther discovered over five hundred years ago.

 

One July day…young Martin was walking through a wooded area.

  • And when he saw dark thunder clouds rolling in…he doubled his speed.
  • Too late…the storm caught him while he was still deep in the woods.
  • As the unnerving thunder grew closer…Martin began to fear for his life.
  • Just then…the hairs on his arm stood on end…as a bolt of lightning blasted a tree a few yards away.
  • Martin fell to his knees…and the prayer he uttered was not spoken…but screamed:
  • “St. Anne…help meand I will become a monk.”

 

Well…That’s how the founder of the Reformation chose for himself a religious vocation.

  • Even after joining the Augustinian order…Martin continued to be afraid and worry.
  • The one thing he worried about most was his salvation.
  • Whether…in the last judgment…when the Lord separates humanity into two groups…would Martin belong to the sheep or the goats?
  • When Martin Luther…now a young priest…celebrated his first mass…he was terrified.
  • Who was he…a sinner…to dare address God?
  • It was all he could do to quell the fear long enough to finish the liturgy.

 

Martin’s fear drove him to the scriptures.

  • He studied Hebrew and Greek…becoming a leading scholar in his order…and…indeed…in all the church.
  • The passion that drove his studies was not the love of learning.
  • But a desperate desire to know he was accepted by God.
  • Martin was looking for peace.

 

Those dark days Martin would later describe as a spiritual trial of terror…despair and religious crisis.

  • He prayed…he fasted…he mortified his flesh…but to no avail.
  • God was punishing him for his sin…he was certain.

 

Finally…Luther discovered his answer.

  • Verse 17 of Chapter 1 of Romans.
  • “The one who is righteous will live by faith.”
  • It spoke to his heart that day as never before.

 

Later…in his famous hymn: “A Mighty Fortress Is Our God” Luther would write:

  • Did we in our own strength confide…our striving would be losing. Were not the right man on our side…the man of God’s own choosing.
  • That God-chosen man…is Jesus the Christ…God’s own son.
  • Have faith in him…and salvation comes to the believer as a gift from God.

 

Finally…after all those years…Martin Luther found serenity:

  • Accepting the things he could not change…courageously changing the things he could and wisely seeking to discern the difference between the two.

In today’s reading from Second Corinthians…Paul ends his letter with words of encouragement and benediction:

  • “Put things in order…listen to my appeal…agree with one another…live in peace…and the God of love and peace will be with you.”
  • What the apostle means is that we receive God’s peace at the same time when deciding to live at peace with one another.

 

Also…in Romans…Paul promises:

  • “Therefore…since we are justified by faith…we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ.”
  • God is no longer the dread adversary…sternly judging us.
  • To Martin’s surprise…God turns out to be the author of grace and forgiveness…the giver of peace.
  • OK then…deliverance is one of those things we cannot achieve ourselves.
  • It is the work of the Christ of God.

 

Here are the remaining…seldom-quoted lines of Niebuhr’s Serenity Prayer:

  • “Living one day at a time…enjoying one moment at a time…accepting hardship as the pathway to peace…taking…as Jesus did…this sinful world as it is…not as I would have it…trusting that he will make all things right if I surrender to his will. That I may be reasonably happy in this life and supremely happy with him forever in the next.”
  • If you end the serenity prayer with the first sentence…serenity can become a kind of goal for which we strive.
  • Even though the prayer says: “God grant me the serenity” …it is easy to skip over that.
  • The result is to misunderstand serenity as a washed-out positive-thinking wish.
  • Just think peaceful thoughts and everything will be all right.

 

The peace we crave is not won through some persistent self-discipline.

  • It is peace with God that Paul is speaking about here.
  • Not peace within ourselves!
  • Peace does not depend on what we have done for God.
  • But rather on what God has done for us.

 

Ask people what they must do to get to heaven and most reply: “Be good.”

  • Jesus’ reply is this: All we must do is cry “Help.”
  • God welcomes home anyone who will have him.
  • God has more faith in us than we do in ourselves.
  • Like Martin Luther…we must learn to have faith in God’s faith in us.
  • God’s belief in us enables us to believe in ourselves.

Somewhere along the line…perhaps in our younger years…we absorbed messages that we were inadequate…ugly and unexceptional.

  • That we were lacking in essential goodness and beauty.
  • That we were not truly created in God’s image.

 

Jesus came that we might discover otherwise:

  • That we might have true spiritual peace.
  • Jesus’ desire is that we may “have life…and have it abundantly.”
  • His wish is that we may find the peace that passes all understanding.

Day of Pentecost – May 28, 2023

John 20:19-23

People are different.

  • God created us that way.
  • It is in our genetic code.
  • Some of us are emotional.
  • Some of us are cerebral.
  • God speaks to engineers differently than he speaks to artists.
  • Engineers need all the nuts and bolts of faith.
  • Artists sense a larger canvas.
  • God speaks our language.
  • God speaks to us according to our own needs.
  • God uses different means to speak to us according to those needs.

 

In worship…some respond to scripture…others to the liturgy…others to the music…others to the proclamation of the Word.

  • People are different.
  • Christ came to St. Paul in a different way than he did to Simon Peter.
  • God comes to us…at Pentecost…where we are.

 

Let me illustrate what I mean: I will read a section of the Prodigal Son story from Luke 15.

 

  • “There was a man who had two sons. The younger of them said to his father, ‘Father, give me the share of the property that will belong to me.’ So, he divided his property between them. A few days later the younger son gathered all he had and traveled to a distant country and there he squandered his property in dissolute living. When he had spent everything, a severe famine took place throughout that country, and he began to be in need. So, he went and hired himself out to one of the citizens of that country who sent him into his field to feed the pigs. He would have gladly filled himself with the pods that the pigs were eating but no one gave him anything.”

 

My friend read that story to seminary students and gave them a pop quiz: One question.

Why does this young man end up hungry…in a pig pen?

Now…let me share the answers that he got:

  • You need to know that he did this three times in three different places:
  • First…in the United States of America.
  • Everyone answered: “the boy ends up hungry…in a pig pen…because he squandered his inheritance.
  • He took the money he received from his father and spent it all. On wild parties and who knows what…anyway…he spent it. And now here he is.”
  • This is a story about an irresponsible kid who in a few months manages to blow what his father had spent years saving for him.

 

He also asked this question in East Africa and he got this answer:

  • Everyone there said: “The boy ends up hungry in a pig pen…because no one would give him anything to eat.
  • It is a story about a society that does not care for the poor and especially does not care for the alien.
  • The fact that the boy lost all his money is a small matter.
  • Emigrants often don’t know how to live in a foreign land. They don’t know what to do and they lose everything.
  • But the Bible tells us we are to care for the stranger and the alien among us.
  • This is not so much a story about a sinful boy as it is about a sinful society that allows such a boy to end up like this with no one but God to help him.”

 

Well…notice the Bible does say both things:

  • It does say that the boy squandered his inheritance…and it says that no one would give him anything.
  • Interesting…Americans always notice the one part and Africans notice the other part.

 

In America squandering one’s inheritance is a very bad thing.

  • In a capitalist country that’s one of the worst things that you can do.
  • In East Africa…such things happen but people are supposed to look out for each other.
  • This is a culture where hospitality to strangers is a primary virtue.

 

Then my teacher friend went to Russia.

  • And he asked seminary students…in St. Petersburg…the same question:
  • Why does this young man end up hungry in a pigpen?
  • Almost everyone he asked…84%…said the same thing.
  • “Because there was a famine.”
  • After the boy squandered his inheritance…the story says…a severe famine came upon the land and he began to be in want.

 

American readers might notice that…but they do not think it’s the main point.

  • Why? Most American readers have never experienced a famine.
  • In 1941…the German army surrounded St. Petersburg and held it under siege for over two- and one-half years.
  • During that time 700,000 people starved to death.
  • It was not because they had squandered their money.
  • It was because there was no food.
  • “So…what if the boy squandered his inheritance” the Russian students told my friend “That’s no big deal.
  • You can always live off the land.
  • You can always plant potatoes.
  • If the boy wasted his father’s money…that just meant he was going to be poor…
  • Like most people who do not have an inheritance in the first place.

 

Poor people get by.

  • But then a famine came upon the land and that’s why he ended up hungry in the pig pen.”
  • The story those Russian students told him is not about a sinful boy who needs to repent.
  • It is not about a sinful society that should take care of strangers.
  • It is about a sinful world where nature itself behaves in terrible ways.

 

People from differing nations understand the Gospel message differently.

  • Why? Because…the message was meant for all nations and all peoples.

 

Like all the people on earth…we in this land are somewhat ethnocentric.

  • Meaning…we think everybody on earth ought to be like us…look like us…talk like us…think like us.
  • And we think God ought to favor us.

 

God is a universal God.

  • Intellectually we understand that it is true…but at a more basic level we want a God who is like us.
  • Surely God speaks English.
  • Surely God has western values.
  • And then we meet a Christian from Africa…or Asia…or Europe who has very different ideas about God.
  • B. Phillips said to us a few decades back that Our God is Too Small.

 

There are wonderful Christian people in every nation in the world.

  • Naturally they see the world through the lens of their own culture.
  • And they think their way is best as well.
  • We give God a good laugh at our provincialism.

 

God is a universal God.

  • God is the God of the Chinese and the Congolese…of the Iraqis and the Afghans…as well as the Canadians and the Americans.
  • God has no favorites.
  • What God favors is mercy and justice and righteousness and compassion and graciousness and civility and love…
  • Wherever those characteristics are found.
  • What God is seeking is the day when all the world’s people will know God’s love and God’s peace.
  • And will know themselves to be brothers and sisters in Christ.